GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 16th Jun 13
Why MPs will never allow the Warioba Draft to pass
This week, The Guardian on Sunday is featuring a commentary from Dr Khoti Kamanga, an expert in public international law at the School of Law of the University of Dar es Salaam, and senior staffer in its Centre for Migration Studies.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 16th Jun 13
Last week, the Media Council of Tanzania (MCT) and the Tanzania Editors Forum, (TEF) held a two-day meeting in Tanga during which they discussed a number of issues pertaining to the practice of what they hold very dear, namely, journalism.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 16th Jun 13
With the death of veteran chief secretary Timothy Apiyo, a curtain of sorts Has been drawn on the first-phase presidency, where he played a preeminent role.
The only symbolically important survivor of Mwalimu’s inner kitchen is the founder executive director of the Mwalimu Nyerere Foundation, Joseph Butiku, who unlike the late Apiyo, belongs to the outer fringes -- so to speak -- of Mwalimu’s household.
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THE GUARDIAN | 14th Jun 13
A pristine paradise! This is a rare compliment given to ecosystems in Tanzania but a deserved one for Amani Ward in general and Amani Nature Reserve in particular. Both are located in Tanga region’s Muheza District.
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THE GUARDIAN | 13th Jun 13
Miriam Gesimba’s marriage headed for the rocks when she ‘accidentally’ conceived their third child two years ago.
Her husband was not ready to have another child that soon since his wife was still nursing their youngest one.
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THE GUARDIAN | 13th Jun 13
In my growing years I had the impression that Africa was the centre of the world. That all good things have but one source; Africa. That notion was refined somewhat in my teens as I begun to understand the concept of colonization.
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THE GUARDIAN | 12th Jun 13
For more than a century, Zanzibar archipelago has been popular for growing clove in Tanzania and perhaps in east and central Africa. But things have changed in recent years as areas like Amani in Tanga’s Muheza district, have proved to be ideal for growing the spicy crop.
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THE GUARDIAN | 12th Jun 13
Having a medical problem during pregnancy can be stressful, even fatal under dire circumstances. However, knowing the solution and applying it at the right time can help save the lives of many.
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THE GUARDIAN | 12th Jun 13
Shabani Hassan (38), a resident of Dodoma village, in Lindi’s Ruangwa district is a changed man now. He has stopped beating his alcoholic wife Salama Juma (27) after undergoing counselling by the village’s Acting Chief Executive Officer, Hawa Mpinga.
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THE GUARDIAN | 10th Jun 13
According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Convention No.189, the term “domestic work” means work performed in or for a household or households.
The term “domestic worker” means any person engaged in domestic work within an employment relationship; a person who performs domestic work only occasionally or sporadically and not on an occupational basis is not a domestic worker.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 9th Jun 13
“Men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted from the past.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 9th Jun 13
One highlighted point in the budget estimates of the Ministry of Energy and Minerals, and which has been decried in various quarters as insufficient, is an allocation of about Sh51bn for the Rural Energy Agency (REA), run by the energy monopoly, TANESCO.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 9th Jun 13
Warioba proposals, the draft constitution – if you want to call it that has been making front page headlines since it was unveiled for public consumption, on 3rd of June, 2013.
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THE GUARDIAN | 7th Jun 13
Recent data show a lot of progress has been made in controlling malaria. But still a sizeable proportion of hospital admissions and outpatients in health facilities are due to the disease.
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THE GUARDIAN | 7th Jun 13
Pick any rapidly emerging industrial country in the world and you will agree the major factors influential for their development among other issues is high investment in infrastructure network including energy, transport and social services (health care and water supply).
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THE GUARDIAN | 6th Jun 13
Time has come for our politicians especially those who hold positions that can influence matters, to use their powers and promote the conservation agenda rather than interfere with the work of experts and law enforcers in the natural resources sector.
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THE GUARDIAN | 6th Jun 13
Before venturing into beekeeping, a group of villagers living adjacent to the East Usambara Mountain ranges in Korogwe district, Tanga region were engaging in fish farming.
Three years ago the group of 30 people saw the need to engage in fish farming project in the area.
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THE GUARDIAN | 5th Jun 13
Between January and March, nine mothers lost their lives giving birth at Makole Health Centre in Dodoma district. The number is three times the deaths recorded at the centre between October and December last year where three women died.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 2nd Jun 13
The recent joint visit to the Great Lakes region by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and World Bank President Jim Yong Kim to support a peace deal in DR Congo and promote economic development in the regional is historic and a step in the right direction.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 2nd Jun 13
A Section of Parliament has lately occupied itself with a slippery question, that of police methods in handling civic disturbances in Mtwara, where a particularly saddening (or disturbing) incident was an expectant mother shot from behind in police fire.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 2nd Jun 13
This year the National Examinations Council of Tanzania was forced to issue twice the results for the Form Four National Examinations that were conducted in 2012.
The first round of results were issued in February 2013, which sent shock waves across the country with 65.
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THE GUARDIAN | 31st May 13
'Growth cannot be chased at the cost of equity.' These are Dr. C. Rangarajan’s words at the recent launch of the book 'Growth and Equity' in India.
He further said “growth is extremely important because that is the basis on which infrastructure is built, but we cannot forget equity.
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THE GUARDIAN | 31st May 13
This weekend Dar es Salaam will host a national level meeting on the National Smart Partnership Dialogue. This is a stepping stone to the International Smart Partnership Dialogue scheduled to take place this July.
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THE GUARDIAN | 30th May 13
Christopher Shemainde of Kwezitu village in Muheza district’s Amani ward earns about 700,000/- a month from a butterfly project he has been running for almost seven years now.
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THE GUARDIAN | 29th May 13
Production of cassava, one of the world's most important food crops, is precarious and could be toppled by a perfect storm of pests and diseases, according to Dr Joseph Ndunguru the Officer Incharge of the Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute (MARI) in Tanzania.
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THE GUARDIAN | 29th May 13
Much progress has been realized in the implementation of a donor-funded urban development project, dubbed Tanzania Strategic Cities Project (TSCP). In fact, there is significant improvement, in terms of upgraded roads and social facilities in many urban cities and areas which were part of the urban development project which started in 2010.
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THE GUARDIAN | 27th May 13
Even after several centuries had passed, nobody would imagine that one day, water would become a scarce commodity – one which would necessitate governments to take urgent measures to conserve it.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 26th May 13
US President Barack Obama is, from June 26 to July 3, expected to tour three African countries, including Tanzania. His visit to Tanzania comes hardly four months since Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the East African country.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 26th May 13
Quite frankly I do not believe for one moment that President Obama is visiting Tanzania primarily to benefit the country. He is coming here to promote and protect the national interests of the US.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 26th May 13
Food aid agencies are happy with acceptance of a policy shift on the part of the United States, where a substantial portion of grain supplies provided as food aid will be purchased locally, which US officials say will take up around 40 per cent of the value of food aid provided by the US.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 26th May 13
Understandably, President Barack Obama’s planned visit to Tanzania has raised both excitement and heated debate among Tanzanians from all walks of life.
Those excited believe that the American president’s visit, the second by a sitting American president in less than ten years after George Bush junior, would, among others, raise Tanzania’s international profile, globally, apart from opening up business opportunities between the two countries.
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THE GUARDIAN | 22nd May 13
Forget about the thorns that appear at the end of a sisal leaf, which may from now and then prick your hands when you harvest the fruits of the plant.
The highly precious leaves take off from the main stem of a sisal plant and normally sprout sideways-the length of a metre or so.
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THE GUARDIAN | 20th May 13
During political campaigns in the country, candidates make promises to induce voters to give them their votes. Among such promises are employment opportunities, construction of health centres, roads and many more others.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 19th May 13
Mtwara is making headlines again; it’s not making headlines for good but for bad; the news about a looming strike over its recently discovered natural gas.
Over the weekend, a section of the media reported that the southern town of Mtwara was at a standstill after news broke out that the natives were planning another deadly strike to protest over what they describe as “unfair distribution of gas revenues”.
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THE GUARDIAN | 19th May 13
Insightful observers are raising questions as to the rationale and ‘feasibility study’ conducted by high level authorities of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) before the regional organ forcefully brought the United Nations Security Council to its view of things.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 19th May 13
One of the Whisperer’s most reliable sources this week came up with one of the most outrageous allegations!He told the Whisperer, the very man responsible for running this third rate column that one of Tanzania’s most reliable government institutions, the Police Force, was as good as dead!Can you believe such serious allegations? Now your guess is as good as mine.
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THE GUARDIAN | 17th May 13
Kibaha district authorities may not know exactly how much of their remaining indigenous forests are being illegally harvested but they see the size of bare land that was otherwise covered by trees increasing at an alarming rate.
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THE GUARDIAN | 17th May 13
Remembrance of the father of the nation and the first President of the United Republic of Tanzania, Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere through the annual Mwalimu Nyerere Professorial Chair popularly known as ‘Kigoda cha Mwalimu’ triggers reflections of not just remembering him but also doing so through practically carrying forward what he stood for.
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THE GUARDIAN | 16th May 13
A local organisation, Bagamoyo Non-Governmental Organisation Networking (BANGONET), has launched an ambitious project aimed to restore the district’s ecological balance by engaging in community capacity building on environmental conservation, good governance and sustainable resource utilisation.
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THE GUARDIAN | 15th May 13
A large percentage of Dar es Salaam families live in a single room. This means parents and their children, regardless of their age share a room.
And this is believed to be the cause of what we witness today, children engaging in sexual activities early.
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THE GUARDIAN | 15th May 13
The government’s decision to standardise last year’s form four examination results has been received with different attitudes by different groups and individuals.
To parents of the students who scored division zero and the students themselves, it is a kind of relief even though it’s not as yet known if they would land on a better atmosphere after the standardisation.
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THE GUARDIAN | 14th May 13
“You can if you think you can” Norma Vincent says in his book ‘The Power of Positive Thinking.’ This appears to be the best inspiration that University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM) staff, alumni and friends should adopt as they implement the institution’s vision 2061.
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THE GUARDIAN | 10th May 13
Any sign of a forest that you see on either side of the road when you travel between Dar es Salaam and Chalinze merely covers up the bad news: there are almost no indigenous forests in Kibaha District of Coast region, save for Ruvu Kusini, Zumbamlungu and some small ones all of which, however, have been seriously degraded.
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THE GUARDIAN | 9th May 13
Most of us know someone who lost their life giving birth, or who died from pregnancy-related complications.
A friend of mine lost his wife last year while giving birth at the Muhimbili National Hospital.
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THE GUARDIAN | 8th May 13
Six months ago, a few minutes after midnight, Sarafina (38) decided enough was enough, packed her things and left her matrimonial home with her four children.
That night, her husband had returned from God knows where and picked a fight with Sarafina moments after he entered the bedroom.
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THE GUARDIAN | 8th May 13
The most recent annual international report on the extent of freedom that journalists, media outlets and the citizenry enjoy has brought Tanzania in the limelight.
The 2013 World Press Freedom Index, which was released recently by Reporters Without Borders, shows that press freedom shrunk considerably in Tanzania last year.
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THE GUARDIAN | 7th May 13
Tanzania has huge land suitable for fresh fruit production and has therefore a potential to become among major producers of fruits in the world. One of the fruits Tanzania can produce and get huge market for in the world is pineapple.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 5th May 13
Motives are still being searched for in the decision by the government to annul the published results of Form IV students 2012 exams, and instead use the same scores to give different grades.
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THE GUARDIAN | 3rd May 13
Occupational-related diseases cause huge suffering and loss in the world, yet the occupational or work–related diseases remain largely unseen in comparison to industrial accidents, even though they kill six times as many people each year.
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THE GUARDIAN | 3rd May 13
A few years ago when Yusuf Makamba was the Dar es Salaam Regional Commissioner, he begun his May Day speech by asking journalists a question.
He asked them whether they too write about their problems or if they only write about other people’s problems.
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THE GUARDIAN | 2nd May 13
Gladness (35) is a mother of three and a resident of Tongwe village in Muheza District. She and her brood were forced to live a pastoralist-kind of life for four years because they were rendered homeless by her husband’s family following his death.
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THE GUARDIAN | 1st May 13
Maureen Anyango, a community development student at the Kampala International University in Dar es Salaam and Florence Mwitwa, a medical student at the Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences in Mwanza, have been chosen to represent Tanzania in a global conference that addresses issues on women’s health.
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THE GUARDIAN | 30th Apr 13
Anastazia John (28) did not believe it when the nurse at the antenatal clinic told her she was HIV positive. She stared blankly at the nurse for sometime before the truth sank in that she was infected with HIV.
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THE GUARDIAN | 26th Apr 13
In the next few months after the form six examination results come out, the Tanzania Commission for Universities (TCU) will select students who will join various universities in the country.
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THE GUARDIAN | 25th Apr 13
Chiku Mbukuzi* (42), a widow and a mother of three lives at Msomera village, about 20 kms from Handeni town in Tanga Region.
She lost her husband 12 years ago to a mysterious disease when her children were still very young.
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THE GUARDIAN | 24th Apr 13
Lynching of law offenders, also known as mob justice, is being carried every new day in our society. This is due to the fact that law offenders usually remain at large, even after being arrested, tried and sometimes convicted.
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THE GUARDIAN | 23rd Apr 13
The farm was small with little yields but for years, Hamed Maokola, a resident of Marambo village, in Nachingwea District, kept on growing maize because he had no other alternative.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 21st Apr 13
My buddy at Matapeli Clearing and Forwarding Ltd (EA), Maneno Mingi is certainly someone no self respecting man should tug along with. Indeed, he is such a devious man that the result of my friendship with him in many instances has cost me this or that.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 21st Apr 13
The East African Health Platform (EAHP) was launched recently in Kigali, Rwanda.
The new Platform – which was initiated with facilitation from the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ) – aims to harmonise policies and legislation related to health undertakings in the region.
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THE GUARDIAN | 20th Apr 13
Loliondo: Is hunting business better than the locals
In a remote corner of northern Tanzania, Boeing 747 planes land on a private airstrip, trucks with United Arab Emirates (UAE) number plates drive across the plains, and anyone with a cell phone receives an unlikely text message:
"Dear guest, welcome to UAE.
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THE GUARDIAN | 19th Apr 13
My sisters, am taking a little walk, crossing busy roads and dirty streets of Dar es Salaam. While in Kariakoo, I see you my sisters, selling tea and snacks as you hold your children right on your laps.
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THE GUARDIAN | 18th Apr 13
Heads bent and talking in low tones, a dozen or so Chinese experts sat in rows as they waited for the big day to start. They were at the newly-built open conference complex at Kasera, the junction and headquarters of Mkinga District in Tanga Region.
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THE GUARDIAN | 17th Apr 13
Accessing medical care can be a challenge at times, especially when one is penniless. Like a saying of the wise goes, ugonjwa haubishi hodi, meaning illness often comes without warning.
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THE GUARDIAN | 15th Apr 13
About fifteen years ago, the electronic media aired a story about a sick man who was sent to hospital in Mbeya. After diagnosis, the doctor asked him to pay 2000/- so that treatment could start.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 14th Apr 13
With positive reviews from both the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for the Tanzania government's wish to borrow from international commercial institutions, partly arising from newly won confidence of natural gas discoveries, more complex fiscal ties to the world market could arise.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 14th Apr 13
It’s interesting how human beings tend to not communicate with certain people until they find themselves caught up in a situation that requires them to “remember” those people.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 14th Apr 13
The race for Tanzania’s 2015 presidency is once again in the Whisperer column brought back by none other than our diligent correspondents.
According to one of the rumour mongers, the race is being fought on two levels; within the ruling party and between Chadema on one hand and the ruling party, CCM, on the other.
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THE GUARDIAN | 12th Apr 13
Using tape, rubber and a tiny glass ball, researchers transformed an iPhone into a cheap, yet powerful microscope able to image tiny blood cells.
Amazing? Well, they’ve also added a clinical grade spectroscope that might be able to measure some vital signs because as a light splitting spectrometer it has just high enough resolution to measure blood oxygen levels.
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THE GUARDIAN | 12th Apr 13
There is a very close relationship between illiteracy and poverty. Poverty and illiteracy in Africa are both at extremely high levels. Four of five Africans earn less than two dollars per day and half try to survive on less than 1 dollar per day.
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THE GUARDIAN | 12th Apr 13
Political will and good leadership are needed to enable all citizens to have an equal share of the national cake, it has been learnt.
Without good leadership, poverty will continue to bite and the majority of Tanzanians will continue to survive on less than a dollar per day.
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THE GUARDIAN | 11th Apr 13
A guest house attendant opened the door for the person who knocked and was astonished to see their neighbour, an elderly man whom she had never seen popping into the house.
Thinking perhaps he had a family visitor for whom he wanted to rent a room for the night, the attendant said; ”Sir, we don’t have a self contained room at the moment, but your visitor may get an ordinary room, using the communal toilet at the end of the corridor.
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THE GUARDIAN | 10th Apr 13
Inhaling deeply on a cigarette he made from dry tobacco leaves grown on his farm, Omari Mokiwa sits on a small dead log outside his home wondering what his family would have for lunch that day.
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THE GUARDIAN | 10th Apr 13
Tanzania has been renowned for peace and political stability since it gained independence in 1961, unlike some African countries which have been experiencing political violence and civil strife all the time.
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THE GUARDIAN | 9th Apr 13
English language has been taught as a subject along with other subjects presumably just after the Germans were ousted by the British.
At first the subject was not taught to pupils in lower classes like standard one to standard four; it was taught to pupils from standard V and above.
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THE GUARDIAN | 8th Apr 13
Susan, in her late 20s is a Diploma holder in Business Administration. She graduated from a college in Uganda three years ago but has never managed to get meaningful employment.
After tarmacking the roads for almost a year in search of a job after graduation in 2009, Susan got a temporary job as a pump attendant at a petrol station in Dar es Salaam.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 7th Apr 13
Nations mark two types of events, just like individuals or families, one version being celebratory events where people in whatever social setting mark their achievements, and another type, marked silently and in private, where the memory of that event is painful or shameful.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 7th Apr 13
Local academics are at present engrossed in serious soul searching for proper and assuring answers as to how to break the 'development jinx,' whose insufficient growth syndrome has persisted despite growth levels hovering close to 7.
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THE GUARDIAN | 5th Apr 13
Dozens of trucks line up in an orange plantation, while drivers and turn boys move from one place to another in separate groups within a large area covered by orange trees.
The trucks crew ask anybody they come across whether there are boys who can be employed to harvest oranges in the plantations.
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THE GUARDIAN | 3rd Apr 13
It is a Saturday – a day when almost every household, particularly women, take out the family’s clothing for washing.
Here, at Kitivo village, people take turns to draw water from a domestic point where it takes only a few seconds to fill a 20-litre bucket.
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THE GUARDIAN | 1st Apr 13
When Hussein Mohamed, a resident of Handeni district in Tanga region heard about the much marketed government subsidised farm inputs three years ago, he rejoiced and quickly extended his two hectares to three because he thought the inputs would be given free of charge.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 31st Mar 13
One event where founder president Julius Nyerere failed to carry most of Africa with his often extolled moral examples was the Biafran conflict, or rather the Nigerian civil war, 1967 to 1970.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 31st Mar 13
World attention tied to a recent visit by Chinese President Xi Jinping may have given the world a semblance of Tanzania's wider diplomatic significance globally, but its ties with China touch on more profound parameters of society, as one of the key role models that youthful Tanzania sought to learn and imitate.
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THE GUARDIAN | 29th Mar 13
A 9th century German philosopher, LudwingFeuerbach (1804-18720) will always be remembered by his often quoted statement of man is “what he eats”.
This simply means that a big extent the health of one’s body depends on the kind of food he/she eats.
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THE GUARDIAN | 27th Mar 13
Admittedly, going through the Kenyan 8.4.4 system of education was not only challenging but right out gruesome, or so it seemed.
First thing that comes back to mind, apart from the corporal punishment, is the mountain of a school bag I bore every morning.
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THE GUARDIAN | 27th Mar 13
Soon after independence just over 50 years ago, Tanzania declared war on three enemies: poverty, ignorance and diseases.
Over 50 years down the line, some progress has been made, but we cannot talk of having achieved outright victory as such.
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THE GUARDIAN | 25th Mar 13
Tanzania’s strategic decision to promote stronger ties with China is entirely understandable but sometimes it makes the Western capitals nervous.
Relations between Tanzania and China date back to the Cooperation Agreement signed 48 years ago.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 24th Mar 13
Our event-based media were this week awash with the story about the jailing of 50 supporters of Sheikh Ponda Issa Ponda.
But rumour mongers focused elsewhere; they trained their eyes on the sports sector, and in particular, football and it was apparently not difficult to guess why they did so.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 24th Mar 13
Nigerian novelist and veteran US-based academician Chinua Achebe has died at his Brown University, New York abode where he has been professor since 2009, having worked for US universities for long periods since 1972.
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THE GUARDIAN | 23rd Mar 13
How the modern century, technology, and pills changed the way we date and interact romantically
By Nick Paumgarten, The NEWYORKER
In the fall of 1964, on a visit to the World’s Fair, in Queens, Lewis Altfest, a twenty-five-year-old accountant, came upon an open-air display called the Parker Pen Pavilion, where a giant computer clicked and whirred at the job of selecting foreign pen pals for curious pavilion visitors.
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THE GUARDIAN | 22nd Mar 13
“As far as education is concerned, I anticipate to take the new district of Butiama to a next level, I am doing this not only due to the love I feel for it and its people, but also as to honor Mwalimu Julius Nyerere’s pursuit on education as it is one of the things he dealt with during his lifetime.
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THE GUARDIAN | 21st Mar 13
The deaf in Kibaha have made it. In what the district officials and the public in Kibaha have termed ‘one of the biggest achievement for people with disabilities in the country’ the Tanzania Association of the Deaf (TAD)-Kibaha has managed to train some of its officials in some strategic areas in the district in sign language so that they could handle their cases easily when they go for services.
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THE GUARDIAN | 20th Mar 13
Women living in rural areas, particularly the underprivileged, including those who come from poor families, normally have least access to skilled health attendance when time comes for them to have their babies.
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THE GUARDIAN | 20th Mar 13
Correspondent Sikwese Austin this week interviewed Dr Eugena Kafanabo, the Head of Education Psychology and Curriculum Studies at the Dar es Salaam University College of Education on what curriculum is all about and other key educational issues.
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THE GUARDIAN | 19th Mar 13
A protracted battle against fake and substandard medicines in Africa is increasingly becoming a major concern, as many governments have failed to develop practical interventions to get rid of the menace.
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THE GUARDIAN | 19th Mar 13
Tanzania has a total of six social security funds, but the coverage in terms of number of members remains abysmally low relative to the country’s population.
The 2012 National Population and Housing Census puts the number of Tanzanians at 44.
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GUARDIAN ON SUNDAY | 17th Mar 13
The establishment of National Health Insurance Fund (INHIF) in Tanzania came out of necessity in the light of economic constraints that existed during the mid 1980’s.
It follows therefore that the main purpose of establishing the Scheme was to have a reliable and stable system of financing the health sector outside the general taxation system (which was by then overstretched) to ensure sustainability of services.
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THE GUARDIAN | 15th Mar 13
Before the early 1960s, cases of dynamite fishing were unheard of.By then, fishermen used traditional fishing methods -- acceptable fishing nets manufactured by local experts-specifically made to ensure that marine ecosystem was not harmed.
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THE GUARDIAN | 14th Mar 13
The education system in Tanzania has had much criticism recently. However, the criticism has not addressed the key issues behind the failure of students in Mathematics.
To be successful in Mathematics students need a thorough understanding of basic concepts.
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THE GUARDIAN | 14th Mar 13
We are living in this 21st century as witnesses of many scientific and technological inventions, which affect our lives in many ways.
Development in our country is clearly recognized by environmental changes; vast acres of arable land have and are being cleared to make space for buildings; while along the highways petroleum filling stations are scattered.
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